ABSTRACT
Taurodontism is the consequence of a developmental disorder in which the invagination of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath doesn't occur at a proper level. As a result, the pulp body and the chamber of a multi-root tooth, usually permanent molar teeth, are enlarged by the apical displacement of the pulp floor. Despite its clinically normal appearance, the morphological variation of this tooth can be diagnosed by a routine radiographic exam that shows enlarged apico-occlusal pulp chamber and short roots. Due to these anatomical variations, endodontic treatment of a taurodontic element is a clinical challenge given the complexity of localization and instrumentation of the root canal system. According to the degree of displacement of the pulp floor, taurodontism can be classified as: hypotaurodontism, mesotaurodontism and hypertaurodontism. This study objective is to report a clinical case of a patient who was submitted to endodontic treatment of the second inferior molar affected by hypertaurodontism.
.A taurodontia é consequência de um distúrbio de desenvolvimento em que a bainha epitelial de Hertwig não invagina corretamente em um nível normal, repercutindo em um aumento do corpo e da câmara pulpar de um dente multiradicular, predominantemente molares permanentes, pelo deslocamento do assoalho pulpar no sentido apical. Apesar de clinicamente aparentar-se como um dente normal, esta variação morfológica pode ser diagnosticada por exame radiográfico de rotina evidenciando câmara pulpar aumentadas em tamanho no sentido ápico-oclusal e raízes curtas. Devido a estas alterações anatômicas, o tratamento endodôntico de um elemento com taurodontia se torna um desafio clínico, já que é necessário um cuidado especial na localização e manejo do sistema de canais radiculares. De acordo com o grau de deslocamento apical do assoalho pulpar, a taurodontia pode ser classificada em: hipotaurodontia, mesotaurodontia e hipertaurodontia. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de um paciente que necessitou de tratamento endodôntico em um segundo molar inferior com hipertaurodontia.
.ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of reciprocating and rotary techniques for removing gutta-percha and sealer from root canals. Forty straight and oval single-rooted premolars were prepared up to size 30, filled with gutta-percha and sealer, and then randomly allocated to two experimental retreatment groups: ProTaper Retreatment System (PTRS) and WaveOne System (WS). Procedural errors, time of retreatment and apically extruded material were recorded for all the roots. The roots were radiographed after retreatment. The percentage of residual material was calculated using image analysis software. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and t tests, with a significance level set at 5%. No system completely removed the root filling material from the root canal. No significant differences were observed between the systems, in terms of residual filling material in any tested third (p > 0.05). WS was faster in removing filling material than PTRS (p< 0.05). Extrusion was observed in 4 cases in PTRS and in 5 cases in WS. No procedural errors were observed in either group. It can be concluded that although no differences were observed in the efficacy of PTRS and WS for removing root filling material, WS was faster than PTRS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Instruments , Gutta-Percha/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Root Canal Therapy/instrumentation , Tooth Apex , Equipment Design , Nickel/chemistry , Reproducibility of Results , Retreatment , Root Canal Therapy/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Tooth Fractures , Titanium/chemistryABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the clinical reproducibility of three electronic apex locators (EALs), Joypex 5,RomiApex A-15 and Novapex. Methods: Twenty-five patients requiring endodontic treatmentwere selected. Sixty root canals were measured by the three EALs to determine their respectiveworking length, which was defined as a zero reading on the EAL. A new K-file of the same sizewas used for each measurement. The file length was fixed with a rubber stop and measured witha caliper to an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-tests with theBonferroni correction and Bland-Altman plot to determine the reproducibility of clinical dataamong the EALs. Significance level was set at 5%. Results: Mean and standard deviationvalues measured by the three EALs showed no statistically significant differences. Identicalreadings by all three EALs were found in 38% of root canals. Fifty percent differed by less than± 1.0 mm and only 1.3% exceeded a difference of 2.0 mm. Conclusions: The clinicalreproducibility of the three devices was confirmed with no significant differences among them,indicating that they are effective for clinical use.
Subject(s)
EndodonticsABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a capacidade de remoçäo de smear layer e debris, no terço apical, comparando-se duas técnicas de instrumentaçäo. Vinte e seis raízes mesio-vestibulares de primeiros molares superiores foram selecionadas para a realizaçäo desta pesquisa. A análise da superfície dentinária foi realizada frente ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Debris e smear layer foram previamente definidos e, portanto, analisados distintamente. Os resultados demonstraram näo haver diferenças entre os dois grupos em relaçäo ao smear layer. Entretanto, já em relaçäo à remoçäo de debris, a Técnica Anatômica Simplificada apresentou resultados melhores que a Técnica Step-Back